黨的十九大報告從四大方面提出了實施創新驅動發展戰略、加快建設創新型國家的具體舉措。柘城縣從曾經的“全國微粉之鄉”蝶變“中國鉆石之都(dou)”的(de)過程,正是柘(zhe)城縣實(shi)施創新驅(qu)動、拉(la)長產業鏈條、提升產品科技含量的(de)成功實(shi)踐。
目前,柘城縣擁有中國鏈條完善的金剛石超硬材料產(chan)業集群(qun),是“國家超硬(ying)材料及制品(pin)高新技術(shu)產(chan)業化基地(di)”,年產(chan)金(jin)剛石(shi)(shi)單晶15億克(ke)拉(la)(la),微粉47億克(ke)拉(la)(la),金(jin)剛石(shi)(shi)制品(pin)1300余(yu)萬件(套),加工首飾鉆石(shi)(shi)13億克(ke)拉(la)(la)。金(jin)剛石(shi)(shi)制品(pin)達到9大類140個品(pin)種。
最具有說服力的數據是:柘城縣每年金剛石微粉的產(chan)量和出口(kou)量,分(fen)別占(zhan)到中(zhong)國市場(chang)份額的70%和50%。稱柘城縣為(wei)“中(zhong)國鉆石之都(dou)”實(shi)至名歸。
本世(shi)紀初,柘城(cheng)縣還是靠煤(mei)火爐烘(hong)烤生產金(jin)剛石(shi)微粉(fen)的(de)聞名全國的(de)“微粉(fen)之(zhi)鄉”。10多年聚合(he)蝶變、轉(zhuan)型升級(ji)、科技(ji)創新,“微粉(fen)之(zhi)鄉”終(zhong)于(yu)華麗變身為(wei)熠熠生輝的(de)“鉆石(shi)之(zhi)都”。
萬千小微企業成就“微粉之鄉”
上(shang)世紀八十年(nian)代中(zhong)期,柘(zhe)城縣(xian)一(yi)(yi)些青年(nian)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)幫助(zhu)國(guo)(guo)營(ying)拉絲模(mo)廠供(gong)應原材(cai)料中(zhong),掌(zhang)握(wo)了金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石微粉的(de)加(jia)工工藝(yi)。國(guo)(guo)營(ying)拉絲模(mo)廠停(ting)產后,這些年(nian)輕人(ren)(ren)就在(zai)家里做起了金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石微粉加(jia)工。當時,一(yi)(yi)大批家庭作坊式金(jin)(jin)剛(gang)石微粉加(jia)工微小(xiao)企業(ye)遍布柘(zhe)城縣(xian)城鄉接合部。
當(dang)時,金剛石(shi)(shi)微(wei)粉加工的主要工藝很(hen)簡(jian)陋:先用(yong)球(qiu)磨機(ji)把(ba)原材(cai)料磨碎,然(ran)后放在塑料桶中用(yong)水稀(xi)釋,再利用(yong)物(wu)體(ti)的重量大小和(he)在水中懸浮時間的不(bu)同,進行沉淀式分級(ji),最后采用(yong)最原始的煤火(huo)爐進行燒(shao)烤式烘干(gan),加工成金剛石(shi)(shi)微(wei)粉。這套工藝被簡(jian)稱(cheng)為“球(qiu)磨機(ji)、塑料桶、煤火(huo)爐”。
上(shang)世紀末期,柘城縣(xian)(xian)從(cong)事金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛石微(wei)粉加工的(de)企業有(you)100多家,從(cong)業人員(yuan)有(you)1萬余(yu)人,年(nian)加工金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛石微(wei)粉20億克(ke)拉,產品出(chu)口(kou)東南亞(ya)、北美(mei)和非洲。當時,柘城縣(xian)(xian)是聞名全國(guo)的(de)“金(jin)(jin)(jin)剛石微(wei)粉之鄉”。
創新驅動蝶變“鉆石之都”
柘城縣(xian)金剛(gang)石微粉產量盡管在中國(guo)獨占鰲頭,但存在產業鏈(lian)(lian)短、產品附加值低、產業鏈(lian)(lian)互(hu)補性差(cha)、抗(kang)市(shi)場風險能力弱等問題。
柘城縣委、縣政府高瞻遠矚、未雨綢繆,邀請清華大學、鄭州磨料磨具磨削研(yan)究所、河南工業(ye)大學等(deng)院所的專家(jia)、學者,舉辦(ban)“中國·柘(zhe)城金剛石微粉產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)研(yan)討會”,明確(que)超硬材料(liao)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)目標,制(zhi)訂(ding)產(chan)業(ye)鏈建設(she)方(fang)案(an),精心編制(zhi)了《柘(zhe)城縣超硬材料(liao)產(chan)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)》。
根(gen)據(ju)規劃,2012年,經河南省政(zheng)府批準,柘城縣建設了超硬材(cai)料產業(ye)集聚區。將微(wei)粉企業(ye)進(jin)行(xing)重(zhong)組壯大,增強(qiang)抗風險(xian)能力;加大對微(wei)粉上端(duan)和下端(duan)高新技(ji)術企業(ye)的(de)招商引資,拉長產業(ye)鏈條;大力進(jin)行(xing)科(ke)技(ji)創新和研發,提升產品科(ke)技(ji)含量。
這其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業集聚區狠(hen)抓(zhua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)升級(ji)(ji)。只(zhi)有(you)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)提質才(cai)(cai)能(neng)增效,才(cai)(cai)能(neng)引(yin)(yin)領超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)材(cai)料發(fa)(fa)展的風向(xiang)。柘(zhe)(zhe)城縣(xian)持續著力(li)(li)抓(zhua)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin),助產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業轉型(xing)升級(ji)(ji)。一(yi)(yi)是鼓勵技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)。設立了(le)(le)(le)(le)5000萬(wan)元(yuan)的科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)基金,重點支持企業引(yin)(yin)進(jin)新(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)、加(jia)強科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)、改(gai)進(jin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)工(gong)藝,提高(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)檔次和(he)(he)附加(jia)值。目(mu)前(qian),全縣(xian)企業擁有(you)自主知(zhi)識(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權150項,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)明專利14項。二是加(jia)強企業與(yu)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)(suo)合作(zuo)。與(yu)鄭州(zhou)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、河(he)(he)南工(gong)業大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、鄭州(zhou)磨料磨具(ju)磨削研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)、河(he)(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)機械工(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)會(hui)、吉林大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)等(deng)(deng)16家(jia)(jia)高(gao)等(deng)(deng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立了(le)(le)(le)(le)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)學(xue)(xue)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)合作(zuo)基地。先后與(yu)河(he)(he)南機械工(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)會(hui)聯合,舉辦(ban)了(le)(le)(le)(le)三(san)屆中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展高(gao)層論(lun)壇,邀(yao)請省(sheng)(sheng)內外(wai)高(gao)等(deng)(deng)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)校和(he)(he)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)(suo)的朱森(sen)第、王(wang)秦生、栗(li)正新(xin)(xin)、楊(yang)輝、張(zhang)書達、陳(chen)浩、王(wang)海(hai)龍、侯立芬(fen)等(deng)(deng)知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)材(cai)料專家(jia)(jia),為柘(zhe)(zhe)城超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)材(cai)料產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展把脈問診、建(jian)(jian)(jian)言獻策(ce),培養高(gao)端(duan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai),加(jia)快了(le)(le)(le)(le)柘(zhe)(zhe)城金剛(gang)石(shi)(shi)超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)材(cai)料產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)隊(dui)伍建(jian)(jian)(jian)設,提高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)水平(ping)和(he)(he)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)能(neng)力(li)(li),推動了(le)(le)(le)(le)柘(zhe)(zhe)城超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)材(cai)料產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展,提高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)柘(zhe)(zhe)城的知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)度(du)和(he)(he)影(ying)響力(li)(li)。截至目(mu)前(qian),柘(zhe)(zhe)城縣(xian)擁有(you)力(li)(li)量鉆石(shi)(shi)股份、惠豐鉆石(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)股份、鴻(hong)祥超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)、厚德鉆石(shi)(shi)工(gong)具(ju)、翔泰金剛(gang)石(shi)(shi)等(deng)(deng)14家(jia)(jia)高(gao)新(xin)(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)企業;建(jian)(jian)(jian)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)新(xin)(xin)源超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的河(he)(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)金剛(gang)石(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨材(cai)料及(ji)(ji)制(zhi)品(pin)工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心、鴻(hong)祥超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的河(he)(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)粉(fen)(fen)體(ti)(ti)材(cai)料及(ji)(ji)制(zhi)品(pin)工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心、惠豐鉆石(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)的河(he)(he)南省(sheng)(sheng)亞微(wei)(wei)米超(chao)(chao)(chao)硬(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)材(cai)料粉(fen)(fen)體(ti)(ti)工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心等(deng)(deng)11家(jia)(jia)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)工(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心。柘(zhe)(zhe)城惠豐鉆石(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)股份有(you)限公司建(jian)(jian)(jian)成了(le)(le)(le)(le)全省(sheng)(sheng)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)納(na)米級(ji)(ji)粉(fen)(fen)體(ti)(ti)實驗室(shi)和(he)(he)微(wei)(wei)納(na)米金剛(gang)石(shi)(shi)粉(fen)(fen)體(ti)(ti)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)士工(gong)作(zuo)站。柘(zhe)(zhe)城縣(xian)具(ju)備了(le)(le)(le)(le)集新(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)發(fa)(fa)、專利成果轉化(hua)、金剛(gang)石(shi)(shi)微(wei)(wei)粉(fen)(fen)及(ji)(ji)制(zhi)品(pin)檢驗檢測于一(yi)(yi)體(ti)(ti)的能(neng)力(li)(li)。三(san)是加(jia)快人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)隊(dui)伍建(jian)(jian)(jian)設。以(yi)政府為主導(dao),與(yu)鄭州(zhou)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、河(he)(he)南工(gong)業大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、東北工(gong)業大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)等(deng)(deng)科(ke)(ke)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)(suo)合作(zuo),引(yin)(yin)進(jin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)批高(gao)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。同時,加(jia)強技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)員工(gong)在職培訓,開辦(ban)金剛(gang)石(shi)(shi)微(wei)(wei)粉(fen)(fen)及(ji)(ji)其制(zhi)品(pin)加(jia)工(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)專業培訓班,為企業培養技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)。目(mu)前(qian),引(yin)(yin)進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級(ji)(ji)以(yi)上科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)4500多名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)級(ji)(ji)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)(cai)300多名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、碩士研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)究(jiu)生50多名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)、博士生10名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。
謀(mou)發展(zhan)砥(di)礪奮(fen)進,爭上游埋頭攻(gong)關(guan)。一個規劃作引領(ling),一張藍圖繪到底。創新驅(qu)動科(ke)技(ji)引領(ling),讓柘城縣超(chao)硬材料(liao)產(chan)業形(xing)成了蓬勃發展(zhan)的態勢,擁有(you)了完整的產(chan)業鏈條,提(ti)高了市(shi)場(chang)抗風險能力,實現(xian)了超(chao)硬材料(liao)跨越(yue)發展(zhan)的目標。
如今,那(nei)個由煤火爐烘烤(kao)出的“微粉之(zhi)(zhi)鄉”,成為(wei)了名副其實的“中(zhong)國鉆石之(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)”。