根據中國內燃機工(gong)業(ye)協會《中(zhong)國(guo)內燃(ran)機工(gong)業(ye)銷(xiao)(xiao)售月(yue)報(bao)》按(an)以往可比(bi)(bi)口徑數(shu)據(ju)， 2019年1月(yue)全(quan)國(guo)內燃(ran)機銷(xiao)(xiao)量環比(bi)(bi)小幅下降(jiang)，與上年同(tong)期相比(bi)(bi)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)幅達20.74%，各(ge)燃(ran)料(liao)分類及(ji)各(ge)用(yong)途分類同(tong)比(bi)(bi)銷(xiao)(xiao)量均(jun)呈(cheng)現較(jiao)(jiao)大降(jiang)幅。汽車(che)市場乘用(yong)車(che)及(ji)摩托車(che)的(de)下降(jiang)是汽油機降(jiang)幅較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)主要(yao)原因。 

       銷量總體概述

　　1月，內燃(ran)機銷(xiao)量416.27萬(wan)臺，環(huan)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-3.46%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-20.74%；功(gong)率完成21788.99萬(wan)千瓦(wa)，環(huan)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)1.39%，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)-15.89%；

　　分燃料類型情況：1月，在分柴(chai)(chai)、汽(qi)油(you)大類中，柴(chai)(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)環比(bi)增(zeng)長、汽(qi)油(you)機(ji)(ji)環比(bi)下降(jiang)。與上年同(tong)期相比(bi)，柴(chai)(chai)、汽(qi)油(you)均呈(cheng)現較大降(jiang)幅(fu)，汽(qi)油(you)機(ji)(ji)降(jiang)幅(fu)更明顯。與上月比(bi)，柴(chai)(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)增(zeng)長6.12%，汽(qi)油(you)機(ji)(ji)增(zeng)長-4.65%；與上年同(tong)期比(bi)，柴(chai)(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長-10.90%，汽(qi)油(you)機(ji)(ji)同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長-21.93%。1月，柴(chai)(chai)油(you)內燃機(ji)(ji)銷售50.39萬臺(tai)，汽(qi)油(you)內燃機(ji)(ji)365.85萬臺(tai)。

　　分市(shi)場(chang)用(yong)途情況：1月，在主要(yao)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)分用(yong)途市(shi)場(chang)可比(bi)的口(kou)徑中，與上月比(bi)，乘(cheng)用(yong)車(che)用(yong)基本持平，工(gong)程機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)、農業機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)、通機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)環(huan)比(bi)增長，分別(bie)增長0.33%，26.15%、11.70%、7.68%；商用(yong)車(che)用(yong)、船用(yong)、發(fa)電機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組用(yong)、園(yuan)林機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)、摩(mo)托車(che)用(yong)環(huan)比(bi)下降(jiang)，分別(bie)為(wei)：-8.47%、-14.16%、-15.24%、-6.67%、-10.30%。

　　與上年同期比，各分類均呈現不同程度下降，其(qi)中乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、發(fa)電用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、摩托車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、通機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)降幅(fu)更(geng)是超20%。具體為(wei)：乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-21.30%、商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-8.46%、工程機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-5.61%、農用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-5.44%、船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-15.20%、發(fa)電機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-53.73%、園林機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)15.52%、摩托車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-23.42%、通機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)-25.33%。1月(yue)，乘用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)銷售(shou)173.46萬臺(tai)(tai)，商用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)27.63萬臺(tai)(tai)，工程機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)8.04萬臺(tai)(tai)，農業機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)37.49萬臺(tai)(tai)，船(chuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)0.19萬臺(tai)(tai)，發(fa)電機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)組(zu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)8.72萬臺(tai)(tai)，園林機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)21.30萬臺(tai)(tai)，摩托車(che)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)136.28萬臺(tai)(tai)，通機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)3.17萬臺(tai)(tai)。

       主要品種按單、多缸分用途情況：

　　主(zhu)要配套(tao)于農(nong)業機械(xie)的單(dan)缸柴油機，1月銷量環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長、同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)大幅下降。1月，單(dan)缸柴油機銷售(shou)9.00萬臺，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長29.17%，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長-23.01%。其配套(tao)于農(nong)業機械(xie)的銷量8.74萬臺，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長29.51%，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長-23.81%。排名(ming)靠前(qian)的五家(jia)企業為：常柴、智慧農(nong)業、三(san)環(huan)、金飛魚、重慶凱米爾。

　　多(duo)缸(gang)(gang)柴(chai)(chai)油(you)(you)機數據好于行(xing)業平均水平。1月(yue)，多(duo)缸(gang)(gang)柴(chai)(chai)油(you)(you)機企業共銷(xiao)售41.39萬臺，環比(bi)增(zeng)長2.15%，同比(bi)增(zeng)長-7.75%。分(fen)企業看，濰(wei)柴(chai)(chai)、玉柴(chai)(chai)、云內、全(quan)柴(chai)(chai)、錫柴(chai)(chai)、新柴(chai)(chai)、福(fu)康(kang)、東康(kang)、江鈴、常(chang)柴(chai)(chai)前十名銷(xiao)量(liang)占總銷(xiao)量(liang)的(de)73.13%，前十集中(zhong)度較(jiao)上月(yue)（71.24%）提高；市場(chang)份(fen)額占比(bi)依次為(wei)：濰(wei)柴(chai)(chai)19.00%、玉柴(chai)(chai)11.16%、云內8.82%、全(quan)柴(chai)(chai)8.27%、錫柴(chai)(chai)5.92%、新柴(chai)(chai)5.57%、福(fu)康(kang)4.48%、東康(kang)3.35%、江鈴3.35%、常(chang)柴(chai)(chai)2.85%。  

　　用(yong)于商(shang)(shang)用(yong)車配套(tao)的多缸(gang)(gang)柴(chai)(chai)油機占(zhan)比(bi)60.94%，銷(xiao)量(liang)環比(bi)、同(tong)(tong)比(bi)均下降。1月，商(shang)(shang)用(yong)車用(yong)多缸(gang)(gang)柴(chai)(chai)油機銷(xiao)量(liang)25.23萬(wan)臺(tai)，環比(bi)增(zeng)長-7.51%，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)長-10.73%。銷(xiao)量(liang)前(qian)十的為濰(wei)柴(chai)(chai)、玉柴(chai)(chai)、云(yun)內(nei)(nei)、錫柴(chai)(chai)、福康、江(jiang)鈴(ling)、全柴(chai)(chai)、重(zhong)汽本(ben)部、東(dong)康、江(jiang)淮，其(qi)前(qian)十名銷(xiao)量(liang)占(zhan)總銷(xiao)量(liang)82.43%；濰(wei)柴(chai)(chai)在商(shang)(shang)用(yong)車用(yong)多缸(gang)(gang)柴(chai)(chai)油機市場(chang)份額中領(ling)先，占(zhan)比(bi)22.85%，其(qi)后依次為玉柴(chai)(chai)12.08%、云(yun)內(nei)(nei)9.80%、錫柴(chai)(chai)8.34%、福康7.35%、江(jiang)鈴(ling)5.49%、全柴(chai)(chai)5.39%、重(zhong)汽本(ben)部4.08%、東(dong)康3.67%、江(jiang)淮3.39%。各多缸(gang)(gang)企業紛紛爭奪的客車市場(chang)中，玉柴(chai)(chai)始終保持(chi)領(ling)先地位。

　　用于工程(cheng)(cheng)機械（21家）配套的(de)多缸柴(chai)(chai)油機占比17.85%，環(huan)比大幅(fu)增(zeng)長、同(tong)(tong)比小幅(fu)下降。1月，工程(cheng)(cheng)機械用多缸柴(chai)(chai)油機銷量7.39萬臺，環(huan)比增(zeng)長29.58%，同(tong)(tong)比下降5.56%。銷量前(qian)十的(de)為新柴(chai)(chai)、濰柴(chai)(chai)、全柴(chai)(chai)、云內、玉柴(chai)(chai)、廣康(kang)、東康(kang)、卡特彼勒、東康(kang)、上柴(chai)(chai)、錫柴(chai)(chai)。其前(qian)十名銷量占其總銷量96.31%。

　　受乘用(yong)車市場銷售(shou)(shou)持(chi)續走軟影響，多缸(gang)汽油(you)機1月(yue)銷量(liang)與上月(yue)基本持(chi)平，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)呈現(xian)較大(da)降幅(fu)(fu)。1月(yue)，銷售(shou)(shou)174.72萬(wan)臺，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增長(chang)0.10%，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增長(chang)-20.94%。在54家多缸(gang)汽油(you)機企(qi)業(ye)中上通五菱、一汽大(da)眾、吉利控股等十家銷量(liang)排在前列，其總體(ti)銷量(liang)占(zhan)行業(ye)銷量(liang)六成，達到(dao)60.15%。銷量(liang)前十的(de)企(qi)業(ye)中，僅華晨寶馬同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)銷量(liang)為正增長(chang)，其余均呈現(xian)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)程度(du)降幅(fu)(fu)，部分企(qi)業(ye)的(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)降幅(fu)(fu)更是超過(guo)了20%。乘用(yong)車用(yong)在多缸(gang)汽油(you)機占(zhan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)為98.48%，1月(yue)銷售(shou)(shou)172.07萬(wan)臺，環(huan)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增長(chang)0.40%，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)增長(chang)-21.37%。

　　小汽油(you)機企(qi)業多，規(gui)模小、較(jiao)散(san)。在可比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)的口徑(jing)中，1月(yue)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)比(bi)(bi)上月(yue)基本持(chi)平，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)呈(cheng)現較(jiao)大降幅。1月(yue)銷(xiao)(xiao)售66.63萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)0.69%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-21.17%。銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)前(qian)五名企(qi)業為隆(long)鑫(xin)、潤通、華盛、智慧農業、雅馬哈。在園林機械(xie)(xie)配套(tao)中，1月(yue)，銷(xiao)(xiao)售21.30萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-6.67%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-15.52；在農業機械(xie)(xie)中，1月(yue)銷(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)23.35萬(wan)(wan)臺，環比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)2.05%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)0.99%。

       行業經濟效益情況：

　　據(ju)內(nei)(nei)燃機工業(ye)（含內(nei)(nei)燃機及配件制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)和(he)汽車(che)發動機制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)）689家規模以上匯總數據(ju)，2018年內(nei)(nei)燃機行業(ye)經濟保持(chi)基本平穩運(yun)行態(tai)勢，其(qi)三(san)大指(zhi)標(biao)與(yu)上年同(tong)期(qi)比(bi)，出口交(jiao)貨值增(zeng)(zeng)長，主(zhu)營(ying)業(ye)務收(shou)入、利潤總額增(zeng)(zeng)長略低于(yu)上年；與(yu)前(qian)11月比(bi)，出口交(jiao)貨值增(zeng)(zeng)幅加(jia)大，主(zhu)營(ying)業(ye)務收(shou)入和(he)利潤總額增(zeng)(zeng)長為下降，其(qi)主(zhu)要影響仍為汽車(che)發動機制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)；龍頭企業(ye)（集團）引(yin)領行業(ye)效益穩中有(you)進。

　　2018年內燃機(ji)(ji)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)主營業(ye)(ye)務收(shou)入為3753.91億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-2.27%，其(qi)(qi)中：內燃機(ji)(ji)及(ji)(ji)配件(jian)(jian)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)為1998.39億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)0.88%，汽車(che)發動機(ji)(ji)制造業(ye)(ye)為1755.52億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-5.62%；利潤(run)總額為390.29億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-3.78%（1-11月(yue)(yue)2.33%），其(qi)(qi)中：內燃機(ji)(ji)及(ji)(ji)配件(jian)(jian)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)為223.24億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)4.73%，（1-11月(yue)(yue)10.72%）汽車(che)發動機(ji)(ji)制造業(ye)(ye)為167.05億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)-12.64%（1-11月(yue)(yue)-7.57%，降(jiang)幅擴大5個百分點）；出口(kou)交貨值為268.92億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)30.75%，其(qi)(qi)中：內燃機(ji)(ji)及(ji)(ji)配件(jian)(jian)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)為163.56億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)10.47%，汽車(che)發動機(ji)(ji)制造業(ye)(ye)105.36億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)82.87%。

　　從相關指標(biao)分析看，企(qi)業(ye)(ye)用人成本(ben)和(he)利息(xi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)，其余費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用下(xia)降。2018年(nian)除管理費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用（增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)10.35%）、利息(xi)支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)（增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)17.34%）增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)外(wai)，其主營業(ye)(ye)務成本(ben)（增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-2.34%）、銷售(shou)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用（增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-10.06%）、財務費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用（增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-7.82%）均(jun)為下(xia)降；企(qi)業(ye)(ye)應(ying)收同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)-6.35%，存貨(huo)(huo)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.61%。其中(zhong)，產成品存貨(huo)(huo)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)略(lve)有增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加；負債(zhai)51.58%在合理范圍(wei)。從以上各(ge)項指標(biao)可以看出(chu)(chu)內燃(ran)機行業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟效益(yi)基本(ben)良好(hao)，行業(ye)(ye)在新(xin)舊動能轉換中(zhong)有比(bi)(bi)較好(hao)的控制力，在整(zheng)體大環境不利的情況下(xia)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)管理有所加強(qiang)，控制了(le)有關費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)，產銷銜(xian)接良好(hao)，確保了(le)全年(nian)內燃(ran)機行業(ye)(ye)整(zheng)體經(jing)濟效益(yi)大局的穩定(ding)。

　　從企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)層面分析(xi)，整體表現并不(bu)均衡。效益(yi)好表現突出的基本上都是行業(ye)(ye)(ye)耳熟能詳的企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)：如：行業(ye)(ye)(ye)龍頭發(fa)動機(ji)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)（集團）濰柴、重(zhong)慶康明斯、江西五十(shi)鈴；中外合(he)資(zi)乘用車發(fa)動機(ji)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)華(hua)晨寶馬(ma)、廣汽豐(feng)田；內燃機(ji)零(ling)部件排(pai)頭兵企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)濱(bin)州(zhou)渤海活塞；出口導向型(xing)小汽油機(ji)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)隆鑫通用動力。由(you)于絕大多(duo)數企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)增收(shou)不(bu)增利，少數企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)貢獻了80%的效益(yi)，強(qiang)者恒強(qiang)。